09.24.09 - NASA Instruments Reveal Water Molecules on Lunar Surface - Spiritual Forum - Ashtar Command

NASA Instruments Reveal Water Molecules on Lunar Surface09.24.09PASADENA, Calif. -- NASA scientists have discovered water molecules in the polar regions of the moon. Instruments aboard three separate spacecraft revealed water molecules in amounts that are greater than predicted, but still relatively small. Hydroxyl, a molecule consisting of one oxygen atom and one hydrogen atom, also was found in the lunar soil. The findings were published in Thursday's edition of the journal Science.NASA's Moon Mineralogy Mapper, or M3, instrument reported the observations. M3 was carried into space on Oct. 22, 2008, aboard the Indian Space Research Organization's Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft. Data from the Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer, or VIMS, on NASA's Cassini spacecraft, and the High-Resolution Infrared Imaging Spectrometer on NASA's Epoxi spacecraft contributed to confirmation of the finding. The spacecraft imaging spectrometers made it possible to map lunar water more effectively than ever before.The confirmation of elevated water molecules and hydroxyl at these concentrations in the moon's polar regions raises new questions about its origin and effect on the mineralogy of the moon. Answers to these questions will be studied and debated for years to come."Water ice on the moon has been something of a holy grail for lunar scientists for a very long time," said Jim Green, director of the Planetary Science Division at NASA Headquarters in Washington. "This surprising finding has come about through the ingenuity, perseverance and international cooperation between NASA and the India Space Research Organization."From its perch in lunar orbit, M3's state-of-the-art spectrometer measured light reflecting off the moon's surface at infrared wavelengths, splitting the spectral colors of the lunar surface into small enough bits to reveal a new level of detail in surface composition. When the M3 science team analyzed data from the instrument, they found the wavelengths of light being absorbed were consistent with the absorption patterns for water molecules and hydroxyl."For silicate bodies, such features are typically attributed to water and hydroxyl-bearing materials," said Carle Pieters, M3's principal investigator from Brown University, Providence, R.I. "When we say 'water on the moon,' we are not talking about lakes, oceans or even puddles. Water on the moon means molecules of water and hydroxyl that interact with molecules of rock and dust specifically in the top millimeters of the moon's surface.The M3 team found water molecules and hydroxyl at diverse areas of the sunlit region of the moon's surface, but the water signature appeared stronger at the moon's higher latitudes. Water molecules and hydroxyl previously were suspected in data from a Cassini flyby of the moon in 1999, but the findings were not published until now."The data from Cassini's VIMS instrument and M3 closely agree," said Roger Clark, a U.S. Geological Survey scientist in Denver and member of both the VIMS and M3 teams. "We see both water and hydroxyl. While the abundances are not precisely known, as much as 1,000 water molecule parts-per-million could be in the lunar soil. To put that into perspective, if you harvested one ton of the top layer of the moon's surface, you could get as much as 32 ounces of water."For additional confirmation, scientists turned to the Epoxi mission while it was flying past the moon in June 2009 on its way to a November 2010 encounter with comet Hartley 2. The spacecraft not only confirmed the VIMS and M3 findings, but also expanded on them."With our extended spectral range and views over the north pole, we were able to explore the distribution of both water and hydroxyl as a function of temperature, latitude, composition, and time of day," said Jessica Sunshine of the University of Maryland. Sunshine is Epoxi's deputy principal investigator and a scientist on the M3 team. "Our analysis unequivocally confirms the presence of these molecules on the moon's surface and reveals that the entire surface appears to be hydrated during at least some portion of the lunar day."NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., manages the M3 instrument, Cassini mission and Epoxi spacecraft for NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington. The Indian Space Research Organization built, launched and operated the Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft.For additional information and images from the instruments, visit:http://www.nasa.gov/topics/moonmarsFor more information about the Chandrayaan-1 mission, visit:http://isro.gov.in/Chandrayaan/htmls/home.htmFor more information about the EPOXI mission, visit:http://www.nasa.gov/epoxiFor more information about the Cassini mission, visit:http://www.nasa.gov/cassiniDC Agle 818-393-9011Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.agle@jpl.nasa.govDwayne Brown 202-358-1726NASA Headquarters, Washingtondwayne.c.brown@nasa.gov2009-147

These images show a very young lunar crater on the side of the moon that faces away from Earth, as viewed by NASA's Moon Mineralogy Mapper on the Indian Space Research Organization's Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft. On the left is an image showing brightness at shorter infrared wavelengths. On the right, the distribution of water-rich minerals (light blue) is shown around a small crater. Both water- and hydroxyl-rich materials were found to be associated with material ejected from the crater.Credits: ISRO/NASA/JPL-Caltech/USGS/Brown Univ.

"In the UK, as early as this Month, we are experiencing winter conditions, as the ICE AGE begins, as predicted...Not "global climate warming," but a colder weather....
And the old age pensioners are suffering, which is a real shame..Shame on the…"

"Kruschev was head of the Communist Party of Ukraine from the late 1930s through the end of 1949
Khrushchev saw the transfer as a way of fortifying and perpetuating Soviet control over Ukraine now that the civil war had finally been won. Some…"

Spiritual Forum

09.24.09 - NASA Instruments Reveal Water Molecules on Lunar Surface

Replies

Latest Discussion

The Soul of Mother Russia Resonates With The Incoming Aquarian Ray - Like Attracts Like

Anything Health Related

Tuning in to Love By Jean Meyer

Note: this page contains paid content.

Most Popular Discussion

The hidden meaning behind the color of the eyes

Blood Type and Starseed Origins

Comprehensive List Of Companies That Use Aborted Fetal Cells As Flavor

Note: this page contains paid content.

Topics by Tags

Monthly Archives

2024

2023

2022

2021

2020

2019

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

2012

2011

2010

2009

Latest Activity

New Blog Posts

Cry Babies; Leftists stockpiling goods before inauguration in effort to kill Trump economy “for the next four years”

US Closes Kyiv Embassy, Warns Of Impending ‘Significant Air Attack’ After Biden Allowed American Missiles To Strike Russia

RELATIONSHIP ASTROLOGY: case study on country music legends Johnny Cash & June Carter ... A real test case for rules in relationship astrology applied to a successful relationship.

HOROSCOPE OF UKRAINE: long-range missile use by Ukraine indicates major conflict about to take place on Ukraine soil. Ukraine may be "playing with fire" with Mars Opposition Ascendant.

Note: this page contains paid content.